- **Date of Independence:** July 4, 1776 (as part of the original 13 colonies declaring independence from Britain) - **Date of Annexation to [[United States of America (USA)]]:** February 14, 1859 (33rd state to join the Union) - **Population (2025):** 4.27 million - **GDP (2025):** $267 billion - **Largest City:** Portland (635,000) - **State Capital:** Salem (180,000) - **Historical Note:** Known as the "Beaver State." Destination of Oregon Trail pioneers in 1840s-1860s. No sales tax state. Pioneer in environmental protection and progressive politics. Major timber and technology industries. Home to Nike headquarters and significant tech sector in Portland area.