Wales is a country within the [[United Kingdom (UK)]], with its own devolved government (Welsh Parliament/Senedd) based in Cardiff since 1999. The economy has transformed from its traditional reliance on heavy industry and mining to a more diverse mix of sectors. Key economic areas include manufacturing (particularly automotive and aerospace), agriculture, tourism (capitalizing on its distinct landscapes and heritage), renewable energy, and services. The public sector is a major employer, and the country benefits from [[European Union (EU)]] replacement funding (following Brexit) and UK government investment. While Wales has made progress in economic development, it faces ongoing challenges with relatively lower GDP per capita compared to other UK regions, rural development, and the need for further economic diversification. The country maintains its distinct cultural identity, including the Welsh language, while being fully integrated into the UK economy.