- **Born:** December 25, 1730 in Poggio a Caiano, Grand Duchy of Tuscany - **Parents:** Domenico Mazzei and Elisabetta Mazzei - **Spouse:** Maria Martin (m. 1778, d. 1788); Antonia Antoni (m. 1796) - **Children:** No biological children recorded; stepdaughter Margherita Maria Martini - **Died:** March 19, 1816 in Pisa, Italy - **Highest Office:** Virginia State Agent/Diplomat (1779-1784) - **Other Notable Positions:** Physician, merchant, horticulturalist, advisor to King Stanisław II of Poland, secret agent for Virginia during Revolutionary War - **Party Affiliation:** Not applicable (foreign-born, non-elected positions) - **Historical Note:** Italian immigrant whose writings influenced Jefferson's "All men are created equal" phrase in the Declaration of Independence. Brought Mediterranean agricultural techniques to Virginia and established experimental farms near Monticello.